Curriculum change and innovation is an introductory textbook on hong kongs school curriculum. Curriculum implementation at elementary schools a study on. Mar 15, 20 the curriculum helps the learner to become the best that he can possibly be. Curriculum development for all disci plines necessitates the establishment of a districtwide curriculum council that meets on a monthly basis during the school year. Teacher and school characteristic and their influence on curriculum implementation article pdf available in journal of research in science teaching 447. Till now, there was no evidence to say whether the current curriculum implementation is successful or not. The curriculum support system is secured to augment existing sources for its efficient and effective implementation. However, those formal elements are frequently not taught.
How can we improve the evaluation of shortterm field testing and curriculum implementation. Teacher and school characteristics and their influence on curriculum. It should faster the growth of development of attitude and skills required for maintaining a planned social order of democratic type. What are the differences between teachers and schools in the implementation of a reformbased high school chemistry curriculum for all students. One characteristic that is encouraging in terms of reform implementation is that, in 2007, 81 percent of teachers reported that they had support from upper level. Key characteristics of waldorf education first adopted in hardufisrael on 14 november 2014 as binding guidance for the worldwide waldorf school movement. Analysis description, experimental and entrepreneurial attitude tests were. To put more concretely, it should contribute towards democratic living. A good curriculum provides continuity of experience because learning is developmental. While the stages, steps and activities suggest a linear sequence of events, in actual implementation there is often a more dynamic flow to the work. Philosophiae doctor phd in education policy studies.
Pdf head teachers characteristics and instructional. For a curriculum to be effective, it must have continuous monitoring and evaluation. Pdf teacher and school characteristic and their influence on. It particularly attempts to indicate many areas which teachers can be motivated to get involved in effective curriculum implementation. The curriculum is open to revision and development to meet the demands of globalization and the digital age. New curriculum reform implementation and the transformation of. Implementation of schoolbased curriculum in secondary. The curriculuminuse is the actual curriculum that is. Written in an approachable style using illustrative case studies, the textbook provides an introduction to the basic concepts and theories of curriculum as a field of study.
Each stage has specific steps and associated activities. The teachers duty as a curriculum implementer can not be over emphasized and so the paper on curriculum implementation and the teacher. Implementation of schoolbased curriculum in secondary school. In fact, the schoolbased curriculum development and toc at present tried out in schools are such concepts put into practice. Pdf models and concepts of curriculum implementation, some. These features have been formulated in such a way as to be generally valid and may be supplemented by specific cultural characteristics for use in a schools own country. In a sense, the task of defining the concept of curriculum is perhaps the most difficult of. Teachers characteristics and their reflection in curriculum. We studied whether specific characteristics of the class could predict the level. The indicators for effective curriculum development represent working characteristics that any complex organization must have in order to be responsive and responsible to its. Curriculum implementation and the nature of curriculum materials. What are the characteristics of a planned curriculum. It evolved from one period to another, to the present.
Curriculum implementation entails putting into practice the officially prescribed courses of study. This study investigated the relationship, if any, between the head teachers instructional leadership and the head teachers background. Barriers to effective curriculum implementation eric. The curriculum council should consist of professional staff in leadership positions that is, the curriculum director, building principals, department heads, team leaders, and. The popular saying is the curriculum implementation has difficulty progressing.
T1 teacher and school characteristics and their influence on curriculum implementation. What is acquired or learned from hidden curriculum is usually remembered longer than information learned at school. Department of education management and policy studies. The characteristics of a good curriculum are as follows. Teacher factors influencing students academic achievement in secondary schools in nyandarua county, kenya gerald n. A very important part of curriculum implementation is that the teacher should. The learner is therefore the central figure in the curriculum implementation process. How can we involve the teachers in the curriculum planning process and what types of. Curriculum, however, can be defined as prescriptive, descriptive, or both. In this approach, it is necessary to control both the characteristics and the number.
Curriculum implementation process involves helping the learner acquire knowledge or experience. Curriculum implementation cannot take place without the learner. How can we involve the teachers in the curriculum planning process and what types of competences should the members of the curriculum planning teams possess. Chapter 2curriculum implementation limiting and facilitating factors1. Questionnaire was used to generate data for the study. The characteristics may be adapted to serve as a resource for handouts or powerpoint presentations of discussion points. Curriculum implementation influence on teachers curriculum implementation influence on learners curriculum implementation influence by resource materials and facilities curriculum implementation influence on interest of groups. For a more indepth discussion of the national curriculum, please refer to the index of a guide to teaching practice. Factors affecting implementation the conceptual framework outlined in chapter two pointed to the possible interrelationships between teacher background characteristics, school characteristics, district support, and assistance provided by design teams and. Personal or background characteristics can influence head teachers instructional leadership in schools.
The design used for the study was descriptive survey. Fourthly, i shall point to process characteristics of successful implementations. If the curriculum is to be the instrument of change in education, its meanings and operational terms must be clearer than they are currently. This course prepares participants for success in planning and teaching in the early childhood classroom for students from birth through 8 years. Discussions and researches about its practical application and implementation in real. Times new roman arial black tahoma monotype sorts arial times contemporary portrait. While teachers can play role toward success or failure of curriculum implementation, this chapter discusses teacher motivation and curriculum implementation. Three research questions and related hypotheses were raised to guide the study. It takes a long period of time in the planning, management, evaluation and development of a good curriculum. For all its frivolous latin roots, curriculums larger meanings do not spring from the literal meaning, a racecourse, but from the practical, chilly, calvinist climate of scotland. The formulation of such a school or district curriculum guide should not be viewed as the culmination of the curriculum development process, but rather as an essential step in the process of ongoing curriculum development and implementation.
Herbert altrichter,johanneskepleruniversity, linz, austriathis paper discusses some aspects of curriculum implementation in order to providecategories and perspectives for building up or refining a strategy of implementing acurriculum. The head start program performance standards define curriculum as a written plan that is based on sound child development principles, is consistent with program performance standards overall, and includes. The research and development survey was conducted on avocational high schools in east java. D the curriculum provides for the logical sequence of subject matter. The planned curriculum should be identifiable by the careful steps taken to connect learner needs to proven researchbased educational strategy and performance outcomes. The implementation of the curriculum is expected to give a push to an increasing quality of managing and processing educational efforts towards betterments at every unit of learning and education. Teacher and school characteristics and their influence on. Teachers characteristics and their reflection in curriculum implementation lya kremer and miriam benperetz university of haifa the problem the study of the dissemination and implementation of new curricula has become in the past few years a common practice among curriculum investigators.
This research examines the implementation of a reform. At the end of the study, participants were asked to re. Most rium reondenis and continuity to a national survey agreed that teachers should be involved in ctericulum development to ensure teacher ownership of between development and implemetaton here, a skilled teacher uorks. A good curriculum is a product of long and tedious process. Further, the measurement can be oriented to meet the needs of any school district. For example, home background and learner ability can determine what is actually achieved in the classroom. Each chosen curriculum characteristic is stated in terms of expected teacher behaviour in the classroom during the process of implementation. The curriculum helps the learner to become the best that he can possibly be. Curriculum implementation entails putting into practice the officially prescribed courses of study, syllabuses and subjects. To what extent are the cultural characteristics of different.
Chapter 1 the nature of curriculum sage publications. Chapter 10 curriculum development and implementation. This is to say that curriculum implementation is the arduous work of the teacher. Implementation of schoolbased curriculum in secondary school introduction schoolbased curriculum sbc is one aspect of the new curriculum reform, learning to learn the way forward in curriculum, carried out in hong kong in 2002. The process involves helping the learner acquire knowledge or experience. We explicitly consider the role of the teachers knowledge and beliefs in their implementation of the reform. Most rium reondenis and continuity to a national survey agreed that teachers should be involved in ctericulum development to ensure teacher ownership of between development and implemetaton here, a skilled teacher uorks on a new program for hearingimpaired. School improvement planning a handbook for principals. Factors affecting implementation the conceptual framework outlined in chapter two pointed to the possible interrelationships between teacher background characteristics, school characteristics, district support, and assistance provided by design teams and implementation of the key components of designs. Enablers of curriculum change authorities in curriculum literature have identified a number of factors that enable successful implementation and management of curriculum change. Emphasis is placed on appropriate content knowledge and teaching strategies that incorporate information. In every step of the curriculum development process, the most important task is to keep the learner in this case, youth in mind and involve them in process. A good curriculum must be ready to incorporate changes whenever necessary. What are the roles of teachers in curriculum implementation.
Adherence to the manualbased instructions was assessed by recording. Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the. Characteristics of a planned curriculum include welldefined goals, measurable learning objectives and valid assessments. Pdf mezieobi 1993, conceptualized the term implementation simply as. Curriculuminuse the formal curriculum written or overt comprises those things in textbooks, and content and concepts in the district curriculum guides. It is normal to discuss curriculum matters, and especially curriculum implementation, without considering the complexities concerned. The study investigated the factors affecting the effective implementation of social studies curriculum in teachers training colleges indelta state. Factors affecting curriculum implementation for students.
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